Bacterial resistance in adult intensive care Unit in Medilaser Clinic. Neiva-Colombia. January to december 2008 Resistencia bacteriana en unidad de cuidados intensivos adultos de la Clínica Medilaser, Neiva-Colombia, entre enero y diciembre de 2008

Abstract

Objective: To know the predominance of bacterial resistance in Adult Intensive Care Unit in Medilaser Clinic Neiva, between January and December, 2008. Materials and Methods: the isolated bacteria are identified and their sensitivity/resistance to antibiotics of all positive cultures in patients of Adult Intensive Care Unit of Medilaser Clinic Neiva in 2008. Based on the collected data from the clinical laboratory through the use of Micro Scan it was carried out the result analysis of this study with the help of the CDC Program from Atlanta WHONET 5.0 which gave percentages, rates and frequencies of bacterial sensitivity/resistance. Results: 370 isolated bacteria were analyzed, being the most frequent ones: Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomona aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus. Pseudomona aeruginosa showed the highest resistance to antibiotics: 100% to Sulbactam ampicillin and cefazolin, followed by 66% to cefotaxime, 55% to gentamicin, 43% to amikacin. Klebsiella pneumonia showed higher resistance to Sulbactam ampicillin with 75%, followed by cefazolin with 74%, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime 37%, Staphylococcus aureus methyciline-resistant with 64%. Resistance to vancomicyn was not shown. Carbapenem were the most effective antibiotics against negative Gram, including Pseudomona aeruginosa.  The most frequent samples were bronchial aspirates and urine being Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli the most isolated, respectively. Conclusions: bacterial resistance is outstanding in Intensive Care Units for being an emergent problem. It is necessary a follow-up study in order to verify tendencies, highlight bacterial resistance markers so as to carry out protocols and schemes of antibiotherapy handling.