Nuevos abonos a partir de excrementos de insecto: el caso del gusano de la harina (Tenebrio molitor)
New fertilizers from insect’s excreta: the mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) case
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El gusano de la harina (Tenebrio molitor) es un coleóptero que en la naturaleza representa una importante plaga de productos derivados de cereales. En su cría a nivel industrial con fines alimenticios se han logrado unas cualidades de sus excrementos que los revalorizan como abono de uso en agricultura, al presentar un balance nutricional y un contenido en materia orgánica superior a los abonos orgánicos actuales del mercado. Además, la presencia del polisacárido quitina en estos excrementos los revaloriza aún más para este nuevo uso, ya que es un compuesto con actividad antimicrobiana, capacidad de promoción del crecimiento vegetal, inductor de resistencias y favorecedor de las relaciones simbióticas. Por otro lado, la microbiota asociada a sus intestinos, y que seguramente acompañe sus deposiciones, puede contener importantes microrganismos beneficiosos para las plantas. Este trabajo se centra en una recopilación de todas las investigaciones realizadas hasta el momento sobre el novedoso uso de estos excrementos.
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