Byproducts generated in the treatment and valorization of urban solid waste within the concept of biorefinery: A systematic review
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This review aims to compile and summarize the research currently carried out associated with obtaining by-products generated from solid urban waste (MSW) using various processes within the concept of biorefineries. A bibliographic search was performed using the DIALNET, SCIENCEDIRECT, GOOGLE SCHOLAR and ACADEMIC databases, of which articles in English and Spanish published between July 2008 and June 2020 were included. Articles from previous years were expelled, articles that did not report by-products, topic reports and book chapters. This review showed that several products can be generated from MSW that have great value both for the manufacture of products and in commerce, therefore, more research is recommended in this regard. Among the products generated, biogas, biomethane, bioethanol, biohydrogen, volatile fatty acids, lactic acid, Biofertilizers and agricultural amendments are mentioned. Furthermore, most of the studies analyzed on the production of by-products have been carried out in a discontinuous way, obtaining a single product, so it is not part of the biorefinery concept. The idea is to provide new alternative knowledge to implement the development and implementation of a large-scale biorefinery using urban solid waste as raw material that is mainly composed of proteins, acetic acids, lignin among others, which through the union of several biochemical processes it is possible to obtain biofuels, chemical products and nutrients such as biogas, bioethanol, biohydrogen, lactic acid, volatile fatty acids, biofertilizers, achieving positive environmental, ecological, social, economic and technical impacts.
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