Truss Design Optimization

Abstract

Articulated structures formed by linear elements are an important type of structural systems which are used in engineering and are therefore a very interesting field for application of optimization methods. Optimization in these structures refers to the dimensions of the cross sections of the bars and the position of the nodes taking into account the constraints included by buckling over compression bars which are translated into limits on the size of the cross sections to prevent loss of strength capacity. In this paper, we want to find optimized sections of hinged elements, for that, is necessary to determine the objective function, design variables and constraints of the problem. Two case studies of minimum weight are reported; a lattice and a bridge truss, both constrained allowable stresses. Validation is performed by comparing the results of finite element models ac-companied by Ansys' optimization schemes and the theoretical soluüon. We concluded that the

design of engineering structures can be refined for better design, optimum, for that, we must make initial computation and then improve it by opümization techniques without subiective decisions.