Antiemetic effect of midazolam compared with the metoclopramida in postoperative surgeries under general anesthesia Efecto antiemético del Midazolam comparado con la Metoclopramida en postoperatorio de cirugías bajo anestesia general

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the antiemetic properties of Midazolam reported in some studies. It was compared to antiemetic Metoclopramida, usually used in our region. 

Method: A double blind randomized clinic trial was designed. It was administered to 126 patients. 

ASA I and II ( between 5 and 60 years old) for elective surgery under general anesthesia with 56 patients; group M (44.4%) was given 50 mcg/kg of Midazolan and 70 group P patients (55.6%) was given 0.2 mg/kg of Metoclopramida administered during the anesthetic induction. It was complemented with Fentanil 3 mcg/kg, tiopental sodico 5 mg/k and bromuro of rocuronio 0.6 mg/kg. The procedure was kept halogenated with the MAC needed to avoid changes in the average blood pressure superior to the 20% of the initial blood pressure. The trial is estimated to reach an alfa error of 0.05, beta error of 0.20. Presence of nausea or vomit during the postoperative period (NVPO) was evaluated for the first six hours and 24 hours after the surgery. 

Results: there were not significant statistically differences between groups (p > 0.05) in relation to the variables such as weight, age, height , sex, and body mass rate. The global incidence of NVPO was of 27.8%, with 20% in the Metocloramida group and 37.5% in the Midazolam group (p=0.02) with a relative risk of 1.88 (IC 95%: 1, 05-3,34). 

Conclusion: The antiemetic effect of Midazolam was not reported. Under general anesthesia, the utilization of Midazolam 0.5 mg/K during the anesthetic induction increased  significantly the incidence of NVPO, with respect to Metoclopramida 0.2 mg/k.